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<title>Cooking off</title>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="Cook-off" title="Cook-off">cook-off</a>.</div>

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<p><b>Cooking off</b> (or <b>thermally induced firing</b>) is unfired weapon <a href="Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a> <a href="Explosion" title="Explosion">exploding</a> prematurely due to heat in the surrounding environment.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is used both for detonation of ammunition not loaded into a weapon, and unintended firing of a loaded weapon due to heating.

</p><p>A <b>fast cook-off</b> is a cook-off caused by fire. A <b>slow cook-off</b> is caused by a sustained thermal event less intense than fire.

</p><p>A cooked-off round may cause a <a href="Sympathetic_detonation" title="Sympathetic detonation">sympathetic detonation</a> of adjacent rounds. <a href="Insensitive_munitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Insensitive munitions">Insensitive munitions</a> are designed to be less vulnerable to accidental firing induced by external heat.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artillery">Artillery</h2></div>

<p>Inherent design flaws in early 17th century <a href="Sweden" title="Sweden">Swedish</a> <a href="Leather_cannon" title="Leather cannon">leather cannons</a> led to the <a href="Gun_barrel" title="Gun barrel">gun tube</a> overheating which prematurely ignited the <a href="Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">gunpowder</a>, injuring the loader.

</p><p>Muzzle-loading cannon on merchant and naval vessels of the <a href="Age_of_Sail" title="Age of Sail">Age of Sail</a> would fire if the vessels caught fire while the guns were loaded. Examples include the merchantman <a href="Earl_Fitzwilliam_(1786_EIC_ship)" title="Earl Fitzwilliam (1786 EIC ship)"><i>Earl Fitzwilliam</i></a> and <a href="HMS_Queen_Charlotte_(1790)" title="HMS Queen Charlotte (1790)">HMS <i>Queen Charlotte</i></a>.

</p><p>After the cooking off of <a href="Artillery_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Artillery shell">artillery shells</a> in the <a href="G5_howitzer" title="G5 howitzer">G5 howitzers</a> in the late 1980s, the <a href="South_African_Army" title="South African Army">South African Army</a> changed commands from "cease fire" to "cease loading" . This allowed crews to fire any loaded shells to prevent them from heating up and exploding.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Machine_guns">Machine guns</h2></div>

<p>Cooking off is a characteristic of certain air-cooled <a href="Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine guns</a> firing from a closed <a href="Bolt_(firearm)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolt (firearm)">bolt</a>. In such a design, when the <a href="Trigger_(firearms)" title="Trigger (firearms)">trigger</a> is released the weapon feed leaves a final round in the <a href="Chamber_(firearms)" title="Chamber (firearms)">chamber</a>. Residual heat <a href="Conduction_(heat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conduction (heat)">conducts</a> through the <a href="Cartridge_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartridge case">cartridge case</a>. If the <a href="Kindling_point" class="mw-redirect" title="Kindling point">kindling point</a> of the <a href="Propellant" title="Propellant">propellant</a> is eventually reached it will burn even though the primer has not been struck, thus firing the chambered round. <a href="Nitrocellulose" title="Nitrocellulose">Nitrocellulose</a>, the primary component of modern <a href="Smokeless_powder" title="Smokeless powder">smokeless powder</a>, has a relatively low autoignition temperature of around 160–170 °C (320–338 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contrary to popular myth, this will not cause the machine gun to "runaway" at cyclic rate of fire (as compared to a <a href="Slamfire" title="Slamfire">slamfire</a>) because each chambered round has to first be brought up to temperature. The time this takes depends on the temperature of the chamber and of the environment, but is usually several seconds, although if caused deliberately may be very fast. During this time the barrel is cooling.

</p><p>Cook offs in machine guns are prevented by:

</p>

<ul><li>Cased <a href="Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a>: Among its many functions, the metallic <a href="Cartridge_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartridge case">cartridge case</a> acts as a <a href="Heat_sink" title="Heat sink">heat sink</a> protecting the <a href="Propellant" title="Propellant">propellant</a> from chamber heat. The case must first be brought up to temperature before the propellant inside can burn.</li>

<li><a href="Cooling" title="Cooling">Cooling</a>: <a href="Gun_barrel" title="Gun barrel">Barrels</a> can be <a href="Coolant" title="Coolant">liquid-cooled</a> (like a <a href="Radiator_(engine_cooling)" title="Radiator (engine cooling)">radiator</a> in an <a href="Automobile_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile engine">automobile engine</a>), or exchanged periodically. Most modern infantry machine guns (GPMG, <a href="General-purpose_machine_gun" title="General-purpose machine gun">general-purpose machine gun</a>) are issued with several quick change barrels that are swapped out allowing one barrel to cool while the gun fires with the other.</li>

<li><a href="Open_bolt" title="Open bolt">Open bolt</a>: Most modern <a href="Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> <a href="Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine guns</a> (and <a href="Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">submachine guns</a>) fire from an open bolt, meaning the bolt remains to the rear when the trigger is released. Pulling the trigger releases the bolt forward and fires the weapon simultaneously. Assuming proper operation (no stoppages) a cook off is not possible with this design because a cartridge is not chambered until the moment the trigger is pulled and the weapon is fired, thus there is nothing in the chamber.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Closed_bolt">Closed bolt</h3></div>

<p>Most modern infantry <a href="Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">assault rifles</a> fire from a <a href="Closed_bolt" title="Closed bolt">closed bolt</a>, meaning that when ready to fire, there is a round in the chamber of the barrel and the bolt and working parts are in the forward position, closing the <a href="Breech-loading_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Breech-loading weapon">breech</a>. Squeezing the trigger releases the <a href="Firing_pin" title="Firing pin">striker or hammer</a>, firing the cartridge in the chamber. Assuming proper operation (no stoppages) a cook off is possible with this design because a cartridge is kept chambered in the potentially hot chamber, where it can absorb enough heat to cause ignition of its propellant.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from the possibility to cook off the heated propellant requires a special formula to allow for consistent muzzle velocity throughout all temperatures.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caseless_ammunition">Caseless ammunition</h3></div>

<p><a href="Caseless_ammunition" title="Caseless ammunition">Caseless ammunition</a> eliminates the <a href="Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> case that typically holds the <a href="Primer_(firearms)" title="Primer (firearms)">primer</a> or <a href="Igniter" class="mw-redirect" title="Igniter">igniter</a> and the powder charge (<a href="Smokeless_powder" title="Smokeless powder">smokeless powder</a>) that propels the <a href="Bullet" title="Bullet">bullet</a>. The metal case absorbs a large portion of the <a href="Waste_heat" title="Waste heat">waste heat</a> of firing. Ejecting this hot, empty case removes that heat from the weapon. With caseless rounds, other means of reducing waste heat are necessary, especially in automatic fire.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanks">Tanks</h2></div>

<p>Cooking off is a serious hazard to crews in damaged and disabled <a href="Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a>. Attempted solutions include storing ammunition under water and insulating ammunition compartments. The current technique, used in tanks such as the <a href="M1_Abrams" title="M1 Abrams">M1 Abrams</a>, is to <a href="Armor" class="mw-redirect" title="Armor">armor</a> the compartments and provide <a href="Blow-off_panel" class="mw-redirect" title="Blow-off panel">blow-off panels</a> to channel the force of the explosion to the exterior of the tank and prevent the <a href="Jack-in-the-box_effect" title="Jack-in-the-box effect">jack-in-the-box effect</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Missiles_and_air-dropped_bombs">Missiles and air-dropped bombs</h2></div>

<p>The risk of aircraft armament cooking off is a significant hazard during pre-flight operations, especially for <a href="Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carriers</a>. Fuel fires, which can spread across the flight deck rapidly and engulf many aircraft, are the most serious risk. This was a significant contributor to the <a href="1967_USS_Forrestal_fire" title="1967 USS Forrestal fire">1967 fire disaster</a> aboard the <a href="USS_Forrestal" title="USS Forrestal">USS <i>Forrestal</i></a>, when such a fire (set off by an inadvertently fired <a href="Zuni_(rocket)" title="Zuni (rocket)">Zuni rocket</a> striking the <a href="Fuel_tank" title="Fuel tank">fuel tanks</a> of a waiting <a href="A-4_Skyhawk" class="mw-redirect" title="A-4 Skyhawk">A-4 Skyhawk</a>) detonated two <a href="Unguided_bomb" title="Unguided bomb">unguided bombs</a> of <a href="Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> vintage which had been loaded onto the stricken bomber, rupturing the fuel tanks of adjacent aircraft and setting off a chain reaction of similarly cooked off bombs. Because of the age and condition of the first two bombs, the fire safety crew was unable to cool them before they cooked off, which should have been possible for contemporary weapons with higher cook-off temperatures.

</p><p>A different sort of cook-off event was the trigger for the <a href="USS_Enterprise_fire" title="USS Enterprise fire">1969 explosion and fire</a> aboard the <a href="USS_Enterprise_(CVN-65)" title="USS Enterprise (CVN-65)">USS <i>Enterprise</i> (CVN-65)</a>, which also involved a Zuni rocket. During this event, the exhaust from an MD-3A "Huffer" <a href="Ground_support_equipment#Air_Start_Unit" title="Ground support equipment">Air Start Unit (ASU)</a> overheated the warhead of a Zuni that was mounted on a parked aircraft, causing it to cook off. As with the <i>Forrestal</i> disaster, this led to procedural and equipment changes, specifically regarding ASUs.

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Sympathetic_detonation" title="Sympathetic detonation">Sympathetic detonation</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-to_cook_off" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/40948">"to cook off"</a></span>. <i><a href="Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span> (verb, search for "to cook off")</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-cook-off" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/250763">"cook-off"</a></span>. <i><a href="Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span> (noun, 2)</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/44263835#section=Melting-Point">"Chemical and Physical Properties of Nitrocellulose"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708175626/http://www.coltcanada.com/techpubs.htm">"OPERATORS INSTRUCTIONS C7 FAMILY OF COMBAT WEAPONS"</a>. <i>Colt Canada</i>. p. 7. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coltcanada.com/techpubs.htm">the original</a> on July 8, 2011. <q>The C7 family of weapons can fire the entire combat load of 150 rounds at any rate of fire without danger of cookoff.</q></cite></span>

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</style><div id="Firearms_(list,_glossary,_and_topics)20297" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Firearm" title="Firearm">Firearms</a> (<a href="List_of_firearms" title="List of firearms">list</a>, <a href="Glossary_of_firearms_terms" title="Glossary of firearms terms">glossary</a>, and topics)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Firearm" title="Firearm">Firearm</a>

<ul><li>lists</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_firearm" title="History of the firearm">History</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">Safety</a></li>

<li><a href="Weapon" title="Weapon">Weapon</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Breechloader" title="Breechloader">Breechloader</a> versus <a href="Muzzleloader" title="Muzzleloader">muzzleloader</a></li>

<li><a href="Combination_weapons" title="Combination weapons">Combination weapons</a>

<ul><li><a href="Combination_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Combination guns">Combination</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Elephant_gun" title="Elephant gun">Elephant</a></li>

<li><a href="Flare_gun" title="Flare gun">Flare gun</a></li>

<li><a href="Line_thrower" title="Line thrower">Line thrower</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Carbine" title="Carbine">Carbine</a></li>

<li><a href="Musket" title="Musket">Musket</a></li>

<li><a href="Takedown_gun" title="Takedown gun">Takedown</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Multiple-barrel_firearm" title="Multiple-barrel firearm">Multiple-barrel</a> (<a href="List_of_multiple-barrel_firearms" title="List of multiple-barrel firearms">list</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Needlegun" title="Needlegun">Needler</a></li>

<li><a href="Rotary_cannon" title="Rotary cannon">Rotary</a></li>

<li><a href="Single-shot" title="Single-shot">Single-shot</a></li>

<li><a href="Sleeve_gun" title="Sleeve gun">Sleeve gun</a></li>

<li><a href="Smoothbore" title="Smoothbore">Smoothbore</a></li>

<li><a href="Spring-gun" title="Spring-gun">Spring-gun</a></li>

<li><a href="Underwater_firearm" title="Underwater firearm">Underwater firearm</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Handgun" title="Handgun">Handguns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Derringer" title="Derringer">Derringer</a></li>

<li><a href="Duelling_pistol" title="Duelling pistol">Duelling</a></li>

<li><a href="Pistol" title="Pistol">Pistol</a>

<li><a href="Machine_pistol" title="Machine pistol">Machine</a></li>

<li><a href="Pepper-box" title="Pepper-box">Pepper-box</a></li>

<li><a href="Pocket_pistol" title="Pocket pistol">Pocket</a></li>

<li><a href="Revolver" title="Revolver">Revolver</a>

<li><a href="Semi-automatic_pistol" title="Semi-automatic pistol">Semi-automatic pistol</a>

<li><a href="Pistol_caliber_carbine" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol caliber carbine">Pistol caliber</a>

<ul><li><a href="Personal_defence_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal defence weapon">Personal defence weapon</a></li>

<li><a href="Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">Submachine gun</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Starting_pistol" title="Starting pistol">Starting</a></li>

<li><a href="Wallet_gun" title="Wallet gun">Wallet gun</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Rifle" title="Rifle">Rifles</a> (<a href="List_of_rifles" title="List of rifles">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anti-materiel_rifle" title="Anti-materiel rifle">Anti-materiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">Assault</a>

<li><a href="Automatic_rifle" title="Automatic rifle">Automatic</a></li>

<li><a href="Battle_rifle" title="Battle rifle">Battle</a>

<li><a href="Carbine_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbine rifle">Carbine</a>

<li><a href="Double_rifle" title="Double rifle">Double</a></li>

<li><a href="Hunting_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunting rifle">Hunting</a>

<ul><li><a href="Buffalo_rifle" title="Buffalo rifle">Buffalo</a></li>

<li><a href="Elephant_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Elephant rifle">Elephant</a></li>

<li><a href="Express_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Express rifle">Express</a></li>

<li><a href="Varmint_rifle" title="Varmint rifle">Varmint</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Designated_marksman_rifle" title="Designated marksman rifle">Marksman</a></li>

<li><a href="Rifling" title="Rifling">Rifling</a>

<ul><li><a href="Polygonal_rifling" title="Polygonal rifling">Polygonal</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Repeating_rifle" title="Repeating rifle">Repeating</a></li>

<li><a href="Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">Sniper</a>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="General_purpose_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="General purpose machine gun">General purpose</a></li>

<li><a href="Light_machine_gun" title="Light machine gun">Light</a></li>

<li><a href="Medium_machine_gun" title="Medium machine gun">Medium</a></li>

<li><a href="Heavy_machine_gun" title="Heavy machine gun">Heavy</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Shotgun" title="Shotgun">Shotguns</a> (<a href="List_of_shotguns" title="List of shotguns">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Automatic_shotgun" title="Automatic shotgun">Automatic shotgun</a></li>

<li><a href="Coach_gun" title="Coach gun">Coach gun</a></li>

<li><a href="Combat_shotgun" title="Combat shotgun">Combat shotgun</a></li>

<li><a href="Double-barreled_shotgun" title="Double-barreled shotgun">Double-barreled</a></li>

<li><a href="Pump_action" title="Pump action">Pump action</a></li>

<li><a href="Sawed-off_shotgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Sawed-off shotgun">Sawed-off</a>

<ul><li><a href="Boomstick" class="mw-redirect" title="Boomstick">Boomstick</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Ammunition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="20-gauge_shotgun" title="20-gauge shotgun">20-gauge shotgun</a></li>

<li><a href="Breaching_round" title="Breaching round">Breaching round</a></li>

<li><a href="Dragon's_breath_(ammunition)" title="Dragon's breath (ammunition)">Dragon's breath</a></li>

<li><a href="Shotgun_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Shotgun shell">Shotgun shell</a>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="History_of_the_firearm" title="History of the firearm">Historic</a> or famous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Antique_firearms" title="Antique firearms">Antique firearms</a></li>

<li><a href="Barrett_M82" title="Barrett M82">Barrett M82</a></li>

<li><a href="Gatling_gun" title="Gatling gun">Gatling gun</a></li>

<li><a href="Winchester_rifle" title="Winchester rifle">Winchester rifle</a></li>

<li><a href="Browning_machine_gun" title="Browning machine gun">Browning machine gun</a></li>

<li><a href="M1_Garand" title="M1 Garand">M1 Garand</a></li>

<li><a href="Mauser_rifles" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauser rifles">Mauser rifles</a></li>

<li><a href="Thompson_submachine_gun" title="Thompson submachine gun">Tommy Gun</a></li>

<li><a href="Colt_Single_Action_Army" title="Colt Single Action Army">Colt Peacemaker</a></li>

<li><a href="Calico_Light_Weapons_Systems" title="Calico Light Weapons Systems">Calico</a></li>

<li><a href="Glock" title="Glock">Glock</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Mechanics_and_components167" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mechanics and components</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gun_barrel" title="Gun barrel">Barrel</a>

<li><a href="Barrel_threads" title="Barrel threads">Threads</a></li>

<li><a href="Trunnion" title="Trunnion">Trunnion</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Bayonet" title="Bayonet">Bayonet</a></li>

<li><a href="Blank-firing_adapter" title="Blank-firing adapter">Blank-firing adapter</a></li>

<li><a href="Breechblock" title="Breechblock">Breechblock</a></li>

<li><a href="Breechface" title="Breechface">Breechface</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Rotating_bolt" title="Rotating bolt">Rotating</a></li>

<li><a href="Telescoping_bolt" title="Telescoping bolt">Telescoping</a></li>

<li><a href="Flapper_locking" title="Flapper locking">Flapper</a></li>

<li><a href="Roller_locked" title="Roller locked">Roller</a></li>

<li><a href="Tilting_bolt" title="Tilting bolt">Tilting</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Bump_stock" title="Bump stock">Bump stock</a></li>

<li><a href="Chamber_(firearms)" title="Chamber (firearms)">Chamber</a></li>

<li><a href="Cocking_handle" title="Cocking handle">Cocking handle</a></li>

<li><a href="Cylinder_(firearms)" title="Cylinder (firearms)">Cylinder</a></li>

<li><a href="Extractor_(firearms)" title="Extractor (firearms)">Extractor</a></li>

<li><a href="Firing_pin" title="Firing pin">Firing pin</a></li>

<li><a href="Flash_suppressor" title="Flash suppressor">Flash suppressor</a></li>

<li><a href="Fluting_(firearms)" title="Fluting (firearms)">Fluting</a></li>

<li><a href="Forward_assist" title="Forward assist">Forward assist</a></li>

<li><a href="Freebore" title="Freebore">Freebore</a></li>

<li><a href="Forearm_(firearm_component)" title="Forearm (firearm component)">Forearm</a></li>

<li><a href="Vertical_forward_grip" title="Vertical forward grip">Foregrip</a></li>

<li><a href="Hammer_(firearms)" title="Hammer (firearms)">Hammer</a>

<li><a href="Hammer_(firearms)#Linear_hammer" title="Hammer (firearms)">Linear</a></li>

<li><a href="Hammer_(firearms)#Striker" title="Hammer (firearms)">Striker</a></li></ul></li>

<ul><li><a href="Flintlock" title="Flintlock">Flintlock</a></li>

<li><a href="Wheellock" title="Wheellock">Wheellock</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Magazine_(firearms)" title="Magazine (firearms)">Magazine</a>

<ul><li><a href="Bottom_metal" title="Bottom metal">Bottom metal</a></li>

<li><a href="High-capacity_magazine" title="High-capacity magazine">High-capacity</a></li>

<li><a href="Speedloader" title="Speedloader">Speedloader</a></li>

<li><a href="Stripper_clip" title="Stripper clip">Stripper clip</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Muzzle_brake" title="Muzzle brake">Muzzle brake</a></li>

<li><a href="Muzzle_shroud" title="Muzzle shroud">Muzzle shroud</a></li>

<li><a href="Pistol_grip" title="Pistol grip">Pistol grip</a></li>

<li><a href="Pistol_slide" title="Pistol slide">Pistol slide</a></li>

<li><a href="Rail_system_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail system (firearms)">Rail system</a></li>

<li><a href="Receiver_(firearms)" title="Receiver (firearms)">Receiver</a></li>

<li><a href="Recoil_pad" title="Recoil pad">Recoil pad</a></li>

<li><a href="Safety_(firearms)" title="Safety (firearms)">Safety</a></li>

<li><a href="Barrel_shroud" title="Barrel shroud">Shroud</a></li>

<li><a href="Silencer_(firearms)" title="Silencer (firearms)">Silencer</a></li>

<li><a href="Squeeze_bore" title="Squeeze bore">Squeeze bore</a></li>

<li><a href="Choke_(firearms)" title="Choke (firearms)">Choke</a></li>

<li><a href="Stock_(firearms)" title="Stock (firearms)">Stock</a></li>

<li><a href="Synchronization_gear" title="Synchronization gear">Synchronization gear</a></li>

<li><a href="Tapering_(firearms)" title="Tapering (firearms)">Tapering</a></li>

<li><a href="Trigger_(firearms)" title="Trigger (firearms)">Trigger</a>

<ul><li><a href="Trigger_guard" title="Trigger guard">guard</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Sight_(device)" title="Sight (device)">Sights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Diopter_sight" title="Diopter sight">Diopter</a></li>

<li><a href="Finderscope" title="Finderscope">Finderscope</a></li>

<li><a href="Globe_sight" title="Globe sight">Globe</a></li>

<li><a href="Holographic_weapon_sight" title="Holographic weapon sight">Holographic</a></li>

<li><a href="Laser_sight_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laser sight (firearms)">Laser</a></li>

<li><a href="Reticle" title="Reticle">Reticle</a></li>

<li><a href="Reflex_sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Reflex sight">Reflex</a>

<li><a href="Sight_magnifier" title="Sight magnifier">Magnifier</a></li>

<li><a href="Scope_mount" title="Scope mount">Scope mount</a></li>

<li><a href="Telescopic_sight" title="Telescopic sight">Telescopic</a></li>

<li><a href="Night-vision_device" title="Night-vision device">Night vision</a></li>

<li><a href="Thermal_weapon_sight" title="Thermal weapon sight">Thermal</a></li>

<li><a href="Sighting_in" title="Sighting in">Zeroing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Action_(firearms)" title="Action (firearms)">Actions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Blowback_(firearms)" title="Blowback (firearms)">Blowback</a></li>

<li><a href="Blow-forward" class="mw-redirect" title="Blow-forward">Blow-forward</a></li>

<li><a href="Boxlock_action" title="Boxlock action">Boxlock</a></li>

<li><a href="Breechloader" title="Breechloader">Breechloading</a></li>

<li><a href="Break_action" title="Break action">Break</a></li>

<li><a href="Closed_bolt" title="Closed bolt">Closed bolt</a></li>

<li><a href="Electronic_firing" title="Electronic firing">Electronic</a></li>

<li><a href="Gas-operated_reloading" title="Gas-operated reloading">Gas-operated</a></li>

<li><a href="Lever_action" title="Lever action">Lever</a></li>

<li><a href="Muzzleloader" title="Muzzleloader">Muzzleloading</a></li>

<li><a href="Out-of-battery" title="Out-of-battery">Out-of-battery</a></li>

<li><a href="Push_feed_and_controlled_feed" title="Push feed and controlled feed">Push/Controlled feed</a></li>

<li><a href="Recoil_operation" title="Recoil operation">Recoil-operated</a></li>

<li><a href="Repeating_firearm" title="Repeating firearm">Repeating</a></li>

<li><a href="Revolver" title="Revolver">Revolver</a></li>

<li><a href="Self-loading_rifle" title="Self-loading rifle">Self-loading</a></li>

<li><a href="Single-shot" title="Single-shot">Single-shot</a></li>

<li><a href="Slamfire" title="Slamfire">Slamfire</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Physics_of_firearms" title="Physics of firearms">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ballistics" title="Ballistics">Ballistics</a>

<ul><li><a href="Ballistic_coefficient" title="Ballistic coefficient">Ballistic coefficient</a></li>

<li><a href="External_ballistics" title="External ballistics">External</a></li>

<li><a href="Terminal_ballistics" title="Terminal ballistics">Terminal</a></li>

<li><a href="Transitional_ballistics" title="Transitional ballistics">Transitional</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Physics_of_firearms" title="Physics of firearms">Physics of firearms</a></li>

<li><a href="Rangefinder" title="Rangefinder">Rangefinding/keeping</a>

<ul><li><a href="Mathematical_discussion_of_rangekeeping" title="Mathematical discussion of rangekeeping">Mathematics</a></li>

<li><a href="Stadiametric_rangefinding" title="Stadiametric rangefinding">Stadiametric</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metrics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Accurizing" title="Accurizing">Accurizing</a></li>

<li><a href="Caliber" title="Caliber">Caliber</a></li>

<li><a href="Circular_error_probable" title="Circular error probable">Circular error probable</a></li>

<li><a href="Effective_range#Weapons" title="Effective range">Effective range</a></li>

<li><a href="Gauge_(firearms)" title="Gauge (firearms)">Gauge</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_chronograph" title="Gun chronograph">Gun chronograph</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_harmonisation" title="Gun harmonisation">Gun harmonisation</a></li>

<li><a href="Headspace_(firearms)" title="Headspace (firearms)">Headspace</a></li>

<li><a href="Length_of_pull" title="Length of pull">Length of pull</a></li>

<li><a href="Match_grade" title="Match grade">Match grade</a></li>

<li><a href="Mean_time_between_failures" title="Mean time between failures">Mean time between failures</a></li>

<li><a href="Minute_and_second_of_arc#Firearms" title="Minute and second of arc">Minute of Angle (MOA)</a></li>

<li><a href="Muzzle_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzzle (firearms)">Muzzle</a>

<ul><li><a href="Muzzle_energy" title="Muzzle energy">Energy</a></li>

<li><a href="Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">Velocity</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Penetration_(weaponry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Penetration (weaponry)">Penetration</a></li>

<li><a href="Power_factor_(shooting_sports)" title="Power factor (shooting sports)">Power factor</a></li>

<li><a href="Precision-guided_firearm" title="Precision-guided firearm">Precision-guided</a></li>

<li><a href="Recoil" title="Recoil">Recoil</a></li>

<li><a href="Shot_grouping" title="Shot grouping">Group</a></li>

<li><a href="Stock_(firearms)#Stock_measurements" title="Stock (firearms)">Stock measurements</a></li>

<li><a href="Stopping_power" title="Stopping power">Stopping power</a>

<ul><li><a href="Handgun_effectiveness" title="Handgun effectiveness">Handgun effectiveness</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Rifling#Twist_rate" title="Rifling">Twist rate</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Shooting_and_ammunition56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Shooting" title="Shooting">Shooting</a> and <a href="Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gunshot" title="Gunshot">Gunshot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Shooting" title="Shooting">Firing (Shooting)</a></li>

<li><a href="Gunshot" title="Gunshot">Gunshot</a></li>

<li><a href="Shootout" title="Shootout">Firefight</a></li>

<li><a href="Firearm_maintenance" title="Firearm maintenance">Maintenance</a>

<ul><li><a href="Field_strip" title="Field strip">Field strip</a></li>

<li><a href="Fouling" title="Fouling">Fouling</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Firearm_malfunction" title="Firearm malfunction">Malfunction</a>

<ul>

<li><a href="Squib_load" title="Squib load">Squib load</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Ricochet" title="Ricochet">Ricochet</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Ignition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Fire_forming" title="Fire forming">Fire forming</a></li>

<li><a href="Obturation" title="Obturation">Obturation</a></li>

<li><a href="Primer_(firearms)" title="Primer (firearms)">Primer</a>

<ul><li><a href="Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">Gunpowder</a></li>

<li><a href="Percussion_cap" title="Percussion cap">Percussion cap</a></li>

<li><a href="Rimfire_ammunition" title="Rimfire ammunition">Rimfire</a></li>

<li><a href="Tubes_and_primers_for_ammunition" class="mw-redirect" title="Tubes and primers for ammunition">Tubes and Primers</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Firearm_propellant" title="Firearm propellant">Propellant</a>

<ul><li><a href="Ball_propellant" title="Ball propellant">Ball propellant</a></li>

<li><a href="Cordite" title="Cordite">Cordite</a></li>

<li><a href="Improved_military_rifle_powder" title="Improved military rifle powder">Improved Military Rifle</a></li>

<li><a href="Ramrod" title="Ramrod">Ramrod</a></li>

<li><a href="Smokeless_powder" title="Smokeless powder">Smokeless powder</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Ammunition" title="Ammunition">Ammunition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cannelure" title="Cannelure">Cannelure</a></li>

<li><a href="Dummy_round" title="Dummy round">Dummy round</a>

<li><a href="Flechette" title="Flechette">Flechette</a></li>

<li><a href="Gas_check" title="Gas check">Gas check</a></li>

<li><a href="Overpressure_ammunition" title="Overpressure ammunition">Overpressure ammunition</a></li>

<li><a href="Sabot_(firearms)" title="Sabot (firearms)">Sabot</a></li>

<li><a href="Wadding" title="Wadding">Wadding</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Bullet" title="Bullet">Bullets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Armor-piercing_bullet" title="Armor-piercing bullet">Armour piercing</a></li>

<li><a href="Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">Expanding</a></li>

<li><a href="Full_metal_jacket_(ammunition)" title="Full metal jacket (ammunition)">Full metal jacket</a></li>

<li><a href="Frangible_bullet" title="Frangible bullet">Frangible</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_bullet" title="Green bullet">Green</a></li>

<li><a href="Incendiary_ammunition" title="Incendiary ammunition">Incendiary</a></li>

<li><a href="High-explosive_incendiary" title="High-explosive incendiary">High explosive</a></li>

<li><a href="High-explosive_incendiary/armor-piercing_ammunition" title="High-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition">HEIAP</a></li>

<li><a href="Projectile" title="Projectile">Projectile</a></li>

<li><a href="Raufoss_Mk_211" title="Raufoss Mk 211">Raufoss</a></li>

<li><a href="Round_shot" title="Round shot">Round shot</a></li>

<li><a href="Soft-point_bullet" title="Soft-point bullet">Soft point</a></li>

<li><a href="Supercavitating_ammunition" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercavitating ammunition">Supercavitating</a></li>

<li><a href="Total_metal_jacket" title="Total metal jacket">Total metal jacket</a></li>

<li><a href="Tracer_ammunition" title="Tracer ammunition">Tracer</a></li>

<li><a href="Hollow-base_bullet" title="Hollow-base bullet">Hollow base</a></li>

<li><a href="Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">Hollow point</a></li>

<li><a href="Mini%C3%A9_ball" title="Minié ball">Minié</a></li>

<li><a href="Meplat" title="Meplat">Meplat</a></li>

<li><a href="Plastic-tipped_bullet" title="Plastic-tipped bullet">Plastic tipped</a></li>

<li><a href="Armour-piercing%2C_capped%2C_ballistic_capped_shell" title="Armour-piercing, capped, ballistic capped shell">ABCBC</a></li>

<li><a href="Snake_shot" title="Snake shot">Snake shot</a></li>

<li><a href="Spitzer_(bullet)" title="Spitzer (bullet)">Spitzer</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">Cartridges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Blank_(cartridge)" title="Blank (cartridge)">Blank</a></li>

<li><a href="Caseless_ammunition" title="Caseless ammunition">Caseless</a></li>

<li><a href="Centerfire_cartridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Centerfire cartridge">Centrefire</a></li>

<li><a href="Handloading" title="Handloading">Handloading</a></li>

<li><a href="Rifle_cartridge" title="Rifle cartridge">Rifle cartridge</a>

<ul><li><a href="Fully_powered_cartridge" title="Fully powered cartridge">Fully powered</a></li>

<li><a href="Intermediate_cartridge" title="Intermediate cartridge">Intermediate</a></li>

<li><a href="Paper_cartridge" title="Paper cartridge">Paper</a></li>

<li><a href="Pinfire_cartridge" title="Pinfire cartridge">Pinfire</a></li>

<li><a href="Wildcat_cartridge" title="Wildcat cartridge">Wildcat</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Society,_safety,_industry,_and_laws133" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Society</a>, <a href="Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">safety</a>, <a href="Firearm_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearm industry">industry</a>, and <a href="Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">laws</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Celebratory_gunfire" title="Celebratory gunfire">Celebratory gunfire</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_ownership" title="Gun ownership">Civilian gun ownership</a>

<ul><li><a href="Percent_of_households_with_guns_by_country" title="Percent of households with guns by country">Household ownership rates</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Exhibition_shooting" title="Exhibition shooting">Exhibition shooting</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Gun cultures</a>

<ul><li><a href="Gun_culture_in_the_United_States" title="Gun culture in the United States">United States</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_shows_in_the_United_States" title="Gun shows in the United States">Gun shows</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_U.S._state_firearms" title="List of U.S. state firearms">State firearms</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hunting" title="Hunting">Hunting</a></li>

<li><a href="Jungle_style_(firearm_magazines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle style (firearm magazines)"><i>Jungle style</i></a></li>

<li><a href="Pistol_duelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol duelling">Pistol duelling</a></li>

<li><a href="Index_of_gun_politics_articles" title="Index of gun politics articles">Politics</a></li>

<li><a href="Shooting_sports" title="Shooting sports">Shooting sports</a>

<ul><li><a href="Civilian_Marksmanship_Program" title="Civilian Marksmanship Program">Civilian Marksmanship Program</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gun_violence" title="Gun violence">Gun violence</a><br>and <a href="Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">safety</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gun_violence_in_the_United_States" title="Gun violence in the United States">in the United States</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_assassinations_by_firearm" title="List of assassinations by firearm">Assassinations</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_countries_by_firearm-related_death_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by firearm-related death rate">Deaths</a></li>

<li><a href="Forensic_firearm_examination" title="Forensic firearm examination">Forensics</a></li>

<li><a href="Gunfighter" title="Gunfighter">Gunfighter</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">Gun safety</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Firearm_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearm industry">Firearm industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="3D_printed_firearm" class="mw-redirect" title="3D printed firearm">3D printed firearm</a>

<li><a href="List_of_firearm_brands" title="List of firearm brands">Firearm brands</a></li>

<li>Firearms by country</li>

<li><a href="Gun_shop" title="Gun shop">Gun shops</a>

<li><a href="Gunsmith" title="Gunsmith">Gunsmith</a></li>

<li><a href="Improvised_firearm" title="Improvised firearm">Improvised firearm</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_most-produced_firearms" title="List of most-produced firearms">Most-produced</a></li>

<li><a href="Privately_made_firearm" class="mw-redirect" title="Privately made firearm">Privately made</a></li>

<li><a href="Small_arms_trade" title="Small arms trade">Small arms trade</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Arms_control" title="Arms control">Arms control</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arms_control" title="Arms control">Arms</a> and <a href="Gun_control" title="Gun control">Gun control</a>

<ul><li><a href="Disarmament" title="Disarmament">Disarmament</a></li>

<li><a href="Campaign_Against_Arms_Trade" title="Campaign Against Arms Trade">Campaign Against Arms Trade</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Featureless_rifles" title="Featureless rifles">Featureless rifles</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">Gun laws</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Air_travel_with_firearms_and_ammunition" title="Air travel with firearms and ammunition">Air travel</a></li>

<li><a href="Assault_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Assault weapons">Assault weapons</a></li>

<li><a href="Concealed_carry" title="Concealed carry">Concealed carry</a>

<li><a href="Firearms_license" title="Firearms license">License</a></li>

<li><a href="High-capacity_magazine_ban" title="High-capacity magazine ban">High-capacity magazine ban</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms" title="Right to keep and bear arms">Right to bear arms</a></li>

<li><a href="Small_Arms_and_Light_Weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Small Arms and Light Weapons">Small Arms & Light Weapons (SALW)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">United States Gun</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gun_law_in_the_United_States" title="Gun law in the United States">Laws</a> (<a href="Gun_laws_in_the_United_States_by_state" title="Gun laws in the United States by state">by U.S. state</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Assault_weapons_legislation_in_the_United_States" title="Assault weapons legislation in the United States">Legislation</a></li>

<li><a href="Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Politics</a></li>

<li><a href="Federal_Assault_Weapons_Ban" title="Federal Assault Weapons Ban">Federal Assault Weapons Ban</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-02-16" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Cooking_off&oldid=1276108240">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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